UserRecon Tool | Find Usernames | OSINT Tool

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DOS (Denial Of Service) Attack Tutorial Ping Of Death ;DDOS

What is DoS Attack?

DOS is an attack used to deny legitimate users access to a resource such as accessing a website, network, emails, etc. or making it extremely slow. DoS is the acronym for Denial of Service. This type of attack is usually implemented by hitting the target resource such as a web server with too many requests at the same time. This results in the server failing to respond to all the requests. The effect of this can either be crashing the servers or slowing them down.

Cutting off some business from the internet can lead to significant loss of business or money. The internet and computer networks power a lot of businesses. Some organizations such as payment gateways, e-commerce sites entirely depend on the internet to do business.

In this tutorial, we will introduce you to what denial of service attack is, how it is performed and how you can protect against such attacks.

Topics covered in this tutorial

• Types of Dos Attacks
• How DoS attacks work
• DoS attack tools
• DoS Protection: Prevent an attack
• Hacking Activity: Ping of Death
• Hacking Activity: Launch a DOS attack

Types of Dos Attacks

There are two types of Dos attacks namely;

• DoS– this type of attack is performed by a single host
• Distributed DoS– this type of attack is performed by a number of compromised machines that all target the same victim. It floods the network with data packets.

How DoS attacks work

Let's look at how DoS attacks are performed and the techniques used. We will look at five common types of attacks.

Ping of Death

The ping command is usually used to test the availability of a network resource. It works by sending small data packets to the network resource. The ping of death takes advantage of this and sends data packets above the maximum limit (65,536 bytes) that TCP/IP allows. TCP/IP fragmentation breaks the packets into small chunks that are sent to the server. Since the sent data packages are larger than what the server can handle, the server can freeze, reboot, or crash.

Smurf

This type of attack uses large amounts of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping traffic target at an Internet Broadcast Address. The reply IP address is spoofed to that of the intended victim. All the replies are sent to the victim instead of the IP used for the pings. Since a single Internet Broadcast Address can support a maximum of 255 hosts, a smurf attack amplifies a single ping 255 times.  The effect of this is slowing down the network to a point where it is impossible to use it.

Buffer overflow

A buffer is a temporal storage location in RAM that is used to hold data so that the CPU can manipulate it before writing it back to the disc. Buffers have a size limit. This type of attack loads the buffer with more data that it can hold. This causes the buffer to overflow and corrupt the data it holds. An example of a buffer overflow is sending emails with file names that have 256 characters.

Teardrop

This type of attack uses larger data packets. TCP/IP breaks them into fragments that are assembled on the receiving host. The attacker manipulates the packets as they are sent so that they overlap each other. This can cause the intended victim to crash as it tries to re-assemble the packets.

SYN attack

SYN is a short form for Synchronize. This type of attack takes advantage of the three-way handshake to establish communication using TCP. SYN attack works by flooding the victim with incomplete SYN messages. This causes the victim machine to allocate memory resources that are never used and deny access to legitimate users.

DoS attack tools

The following are some of the tools that can be used to perform DoS attacks.

• Nemesy– this tool can be used to generate random packets. It works on windows. This tool can be downloaded from http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/25599/nemesy13.zip.html . Due to the nature of the program, if you have an antivirus, it will most likely be detected as a virus.
• Land and LaTierra– this tool can be used for IP spoofing and opening TCP connections
• Blast– this tool can be downloaded from http://www.opencomm.co.uk/products/blast/features.php
• Panther- this tool can be used to flood a victim's network with UDP packets.
• Botnets– these are multitudes of compromised computers on the Internet that can be used to perform a distributed denial of service attack.

DoS Protection: Prevent an attack

An organization can adopt the following policy to protect itself against Denial of Service attacks.

• Attacks such as SYN flooding take advantage of bugs in the operating system. Installing security patches can help reduce the chances of such attacks.
• Intrusion detection systems can also be used to identify and even stop illegal activities
• Firewalls can be used to stop simple DoS attacks by blocking all traffic coming from an attacker by identifying his IP.
• Routers can be configured via the Access Control List to limit access to the network and drop suspected illegal traffic.

Hacking Activity: Ping of Death

We will assume you are using Windows for this exercise. We will also assume that you have at least two computers that are on the same network. DOS attacks are illegal on networks that you are not authorized to do so. This is why you will need to setup your own network for this exercise.

Open the command prompt on the target computer

Enter the command ipconfig. You will get results similar to the ones shown below

For this example, we are using Mobile Broadband connection details. Take note of the IP address. Note: for this example to be more effective, and you must use a LAN network.

 Switch to the computer that you want to use for the attack and open the command prompt

We will ping our victim computer with infinite data packets of 65500

Enter the following command

ping 10.128.131.108 –t |65500

HERE,

• "ping" sends the data packets to the victim
• "10.128.131.108" is the IP address of the victim
• "-t" means the data packets should be sent until the program is stopped
• "-l" specifies the data load to be sent to the victim

You will get results similar to the ones shown below

Flooding the target computer with data packets doesn't have much effect on the victim. In order for the attack to be more effective, you should attack the target computer with pings from more than one computer.

The above attack can be used to attacker routers, web servers etc.

If you want to see the effects of the attack on the target computer, you can open the task manager and view the network activities.

• Right click on the taskbar
• Select start task manager
• Click on the network tab
• You will get results similar to the following

If the attack is successful, you should be able to see increased network activities.

 

Hacking Activity: Launch a DOS attack

In this practical scenario, we are going to use Nemesy to generate data packets and flood the target computer, router or server.

As stated above, Nemesy will be detected as an illegal program by your anti-virus. You will have to disable the anti-virus for this exercise.

• Download Nemesy from http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/25599/nemesy13.zip.html
• Unzip it and run the program Nemesy.exe
• You will get the following interface

Enter the target IP address, in this example; we have used the target IP we used in the above example.

HERE,

• 0 as the number of packets means infinity. You can set it to the desired number if you do not want to send, infinity data packets
• The size field specifies the data bytes to be sent and the delay specifies the time interval in milliseconds.

 

Click on send button

You should be able to see the following results

The title bar will show you the number of packets sent

Click on halt button to stop the program from sending data packets.

You can monitor the task manager of the target computer to see the network activities.

Summary

• A denial of service attack's intent is to deny legitimate users access to a resource such as a network, server etc.
• There are two types of attacks, denial of service and distributed denial of service.
• A denial of service attack can be carried out using SYN Flooding, Ping of Death, Teardrop, Smurf or buffer overflow
• Security patches for operating systems, router configuration, firewalls and intrusion detection systems can be used to protect against denial of service attacks.

@EVERYTHING NT

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Ori And The Will Of The Wisps Free Download

The little spirit Ori is no stranger to peril, but when a fateful flight puts the owlet Ku in harm's way, it will take more than bravery to bring a family back together, heal a broken land, and discover Ori's true destiny. From the creators of the acclaimed action-platformer Ori and the Blind Forest comes the highly anticipated sequel. Embark on an all-new adventure in a vast world filled with new friends and foes that come to life in stunning, hand-painted artwork. Set to a fully orchestrated original score, Ori and the Will of the Wisps continues the Moon Studios tradition of tightly crafted platforming action and deeply emotional storytelling.

GAMEPLAY AND SCREENSHOTS

DOWNLOAD GAME:

♢ Click or choose only one button below to download this game.
♢ View detailed instructions for downloading and installing the game here.
♢ Use 7-Zip to extract RAR, ZIP and ISO files. Install PowerISO to mount ISO files.

Ori and the Will of the Wisps Free Download

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THIS GAME

➤ Download the game by clicking on the button link provided above.

➤ Download the game on the host site and turn off your Antivirus or Windows Defender to avoid errors.

➤ Once the download has been finished or completed, locate or go to that file.

➤ To open .iso file, use PowerISO and run the setup as admin then install the game on your PC.

➤ Once the installation process is complete, run the game's exe as admin and you can now play the game.

➤ Congratulations! You can now play this game for free on your PC.

➤ Note: If you like this video game, please buy it and support the developers of this game.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:
(Your PC must at least have the equivalent or higher specs in order to run this game.)

Minimum:
• OS: Windows 10 Version 18362.0 or higher
• Processor: AMD Athlon X4 | Intel Core i5 4460
• Memory: 8 GB RAM
• Graphics: Nvidia GTX 950 | AMD R7 370
• DirectX: Version 11
• Storage: 20 GB available space

Recommended:
• OS: Windows 10 Version 18362.0 or higher
• Processor: AMD Ryzen 3 | Intel i5 Skylake
• Memory: 8 GB RAM
• Graphics: Nvidia GTX 970 | AMD RX 570
• DirectX: Version 11
• Storage: 20 GB available space

Supported Language: English, French, Italian, German, Spanish, Polish, Czech, Russian, Hungarian, Dutch, Danish, Portuguese, Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish, Korean, and Simplified Chinese language are available.

Space, Movie Review

The movie Space begins with a question and answer time with Dr. Ada Gray as she and the rest of the crew of the Udo are traveling to seed nanites on a planetoid. It is shown as if you are watching a news program with a streamer running along the bottom of the screen of stories and stocks. In the time she answers most of the questions we learn the world is in dire straits.

The synopsis for Space reads "In the year 2050, Dr. Ada Gray and her fellow astronauts aboard The Udo fight for survival after an accident leaves them stranded in deep space." But the story provides more than just a terror ride in space.

Lara Jean Sullivan as Dr Ada Gray

The Plot

Space is the story of Dr. Gray. Throughout the movie, she is the focal point, and represents different elements for each the crew member, including herself, on how they see the lone woman of a crew of five.

It is more than just the good doctor's story. The movie is a metaphor for the events introduced at the beginning and the path the Earth is on. I'm a sucker for good plot points and subtext written into a story. These are presented in a slow burn to build the tension.

Kurt Quinn as Evan Durand

Visual Impact

Most of Space is presented as if you are watching everything from cameras mounted on the ship. This includes the use of split screens and electronic interference. Many times it appears that the characters are talking directly to the audience. All of this, like the opening scene, places the audience more in the role of an audience watching on an electronic screen and not as an interloper in the story. The parts of the movie not in this format are in the flashback scenes of the crew building a retreat in the desert.

Michael Klug as Captain Phil King

The Cast

There are five main characters the story revolves around. The cast portrayed the characters in a manner that brings out the issues each is dealing with.

The lead character is Dr. Ada Gray played by Lara Jean Sullivan (Malvolia: The Queen of Screams). She is a strong independent woman who claims not to be afraid of anything, but shows fears and works hard to compensate. Dr. Gray is the science person in charge (and her first name means "nobility") of the nanites and with her rests hope. Sullivan provides a strong performance that incorporates the subtleties of the character.

Captain Phil King is portrayed by Michael Klug (House of Black Wings). He presents the leader who in many ways is running from his past and only has the unknown to run toward. Klug's performance shows the distance the captain keeps, even when he doesn't want it. His second is Tom "Tomcat" McMahon, a veteran, who is the closest thing to a friend the captain has. Jim Hilton takes on this role in his first feature film and provides the character who maintains faith in the past and the hope for the next generation.

The final two members of the crew are the pilot Evan Durand and Mitch "the bitch" Justin. Evan is played by Kurt Quinn (Mancamp) while Mitch is portrayed by Michael Terry (Stargate Origins). The characters provide the loss of faith in the past and the egotistical approach to problems.

Because of the use of camera angles and setup, the acting was focused in on the faces and not large physical movements. That can be a tough job and these people did it well.

Jim Hilton as Tomcat

Overall

Space is a good movie for those who like to dig deeper into the story. There isn't a lot of action, and because of the filming format used, the action is usually condensed to the expressions and limited actions of the characters. At times the pacing felt slow, but the overall impact works.

Space is being released on March 31, 2020.

You can find out more about Space on IMDb (link)

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The crew on the desert retreat

OWASP ZAP RELEASES V2.8.0 WITH THE HEADS UP DISPLAY

OWASP ZAP RELEASES V2.8.0 WITH THE HEADS UP DISPLAY
Heads Up Display simplifies and improves vulnerability testing for developers

London, England, 20 June 2019. OWASP™ ZAP (Open Web Application Security Project™  Zed Attack Proxy) has released a new version of its leading ZAP Project which now includes an innovative Heads Up Display (HUD) bringing security information and functionality right into the browser. Now software developers can interactively test the reliability and security of their applications in real time while controlling a wide variety of features designed to test the quality of their software.

ZAP is a free, easy to use integrated penetration testing tool. With the addition of the Heads Up Display, ZAP can be used by security professionals and developers of all skill levels to quickly and more easily find security vulnerabilities in their applications. Given the unique and integrated design of the Heads Up Display, developers and functional testers who might be new to security testing will find ZAP an indispensable tool to build secure software.

The latest version of ZAP can be downloaded from https://www.owasp.org/index.php/ZAP  The full release notes are available at https://github.com/zaproxy/zap-core-help/wiki/HelpReleases2_8_0.

In addition to being the most popular free and open source security tools available, ZAP is also one of the most active with hundreds of volunteers around the globe continually improving and enhancing its features. ZAP provides automated scanners as well as a set of tools that allows new users and security professionals to manually identify security vulnerabilities. ZAP has also been translated into over 25 languages including French, Italian, Dutch, Turkish and Chinese. 

Simon Bennetts, OWASP ZAP Project Leader commented: "This is a really important release for the project team and developers who want to build great and secure applications. The HUD is a completely new interface for ZAP and one that is unique in the industry. It shows that open source projects continue to create high-quality, new and exciting tools that deliver real value to the market - and at no cost to users." 

"ZAP is the Foundation's most popular software tool," said Mike McCamon interim executive director of the OWASP Foundation. McCamon continued, "For nearly two decades OWASP continues to be a great destination for innovators to host, develop, and release software that will secure the web. Simon and the entire ZAP community deserves great recognition for their continued devotion to open source excellence."

For further information please contact:
Simon Bennetts, OWASP ZAP Project Leader: simon.bennetts@owasp.org  or Mike McCamon, Interim Executive Director, mike.mccamon@owasp.comRelated word

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System Hacking: Password Cracking Techniques And Types Of Passwords

This blog based on two major concepts:

• Understand password-cracking techniques
• Understand different types of passwords
 

The simplest way to crack the passwords

The first step is to access the system is that you should know how to crack the password of the target system. Passwords are the key element of information require to access the system, and users also selects passwords that are easy to guess such as mostly people has a passwords of their pet's name or room number etc to help them remember it. Because of this human factor, most password guessing is successful if some information is known about the target. Information gathering and reconnaissance can help give away information that will help a hacker guess a user's password.

Once a password is guessed or cracked, it can be the launching point for escalating privileges, executing applications, hiding files, and covering tracks. If guessing a password fails, then passwords may be cracked manually or with automated tools such as a dictionary or brute-force method.

Types of Passwords 

• Only numbers
• Only letters
• Only special characters
• Letters and numbers
• Only letters and special characters 
• Numbers, letters and special characters

A strong password is less susceptible to attack by a hacker. The following rules, proposed by the EC-Council, should be applied when you're creating a password, to protect it against attacks:

• Must not contain any part of the user's account name
• Must have a minimum of eight characters
• Must contain characters from at least three of the following categories:
  • Non alphanumeric symbols ($,:"%@!#)
  • Numbers
  • Uppercase letters
  • Lowercase letters

A hacker may use different types of attacks in order to identify a password and gain further access to a system. The types of password attacks are as follows:

Passive Online

​Eavesdropping on network password exchanges. Passive online attacks
include sniffing, man-in-the-middle, and replay attacks. Moreover, a passive online attack is also known as sniffing the password on a wired or wireless network. A passive attack is not detectable to the end user. The password is captured during the authentication process and can then be compared against a dictionary file or word list. User account passwords are commonly hashed or encrypted when sent on the network to prevent unauthorized access and use. If the password is protected by encryption or hashing, special tools in the hacker's toolkit can be used to break the algorithm.

Another passive online attack is known as man-in-the-middle (MITM). In a MITM attack, the hacker intercepts the authentication request and forwards it to the server. By inserting a sniffer between the client and the server, the hacker is able to sniff both connections and capture passwords in the process.

A replay attack is also a passive online attack; it occurs when the hacker intercepts the password en route to the authentication server and then captures and resend the authentication packets for later authentication. In this manner, the hacker doesn't have to break the password or learn the password through MITM but rather captures the password and reuses the password-authentication packets later to authenticate as the client.

Active Online

Guessing the Administrator password. Active online attacks include auto-
mated password guessing. Moreover, The easiest way to gain administrator-level access to a system is to guess a simple password assuming the administrator used a simple password. Password guessing is an active online attack. It relies on the human factor involved in password creation and only works on weak
passwords.

Assuming that the NetBIOS TCP 139 port is open, the most effective method of breaking into a Windows NT or Windows 2000 system is password guessing. This is done by attempting to connect to an enumerated share ( IPC$ or C$ ) and trying a username and password combination. The most commonly used Administrator account and password combinations are words like Admin, Administrator, Sysadmin, or Password, or a null password.
A hacker may first try to connect to a default Admin$ , C$ , or C:\Windows share. To connect to the hidden C: drive share, for example, type the following command in the Run field (Start ➪ Run):

\\ip_address\c$

Automated programs can quickly generate dictionary files, word lists, or every possible combination of letters, numbers, and special characters and then attempt to log on using those credentials. Most systems prevent this type of attack by setting a maximum number of login attempts on a system before the account is locked.

In the following sections, we'll discuss how hackers can perform automated password guessing more closely, as well as countermeasures to such attacks.

Performing Automated Password Guessing

To speed up the guessing of a password, hackers use automated tools. An easy process for automating password guessing is to use the Windows shell commands based on the standard NET USE syntax. To create a simple automated password-guessing script, perform the following steps:

1. Create a simple username and password file using Windows Notepad. Automated tools such as the Dictionary Generator are available to create this word list. Save the file on the C: drive as credentials.txt.
2. Pipe this file using the FOR command: C:\> FOR /F "token=1, 2*" %i in (credentials.txt)
3. Type net use \\targetIP\IPC$ %i /u: %j to use the credentials.txt file to attempt to log on to the target system's hidden share.

Offline Attacks

Offline attacks are performed from a location other than the actual computer where the passwords reside or were used. Offline attacks usually require physical access to the computer and copying the password file from the system onto removable media. The hacker then takes the file to another computer to perform the cracking. Several types of offline password attacks exist.

Types of Attack	Characteristics	Password Example
Dictionary attack	Attempts to use passwords from a list of dictionary words	Administrator
Hybrid attack	Substitutes numbers of symbols for password characters	Adm1n1strator
Brute-force attack	Tries all possible combinations of letters, numbers, and special characters	Ms!tr245@F5a

A dictionary attack is the simplest and quickest type of attack. It's used to identify a password that is an actual word, which can be found in a dictionary. Most commonly, the attack uses a dictionary file of possible words, which is hashed using the same algorithm used by the authentication process. Then, the hashed dictionary words are compared with hashed passwords as the user logs on, or with passwords stored in a file on the server. The dictionary attack works only if the password is an actual dictionary word; therefore, this type of attack has some limitations. It can't be used against strong passwords containing numbers or other symbols.

A hybrid attack is the next level of attack a hacker attempts if the password can't be found using a dictionary attack. The hybrid attack starts with a dictionary file and substitutes numbers and symbols for characters in the password. For example, many users add the number 1 to the end of their password to meet strong password requirements. A hybrid attack is designed to find those types of anomalies in passwords.

The most time-consuming type of attack is a brute-force attack, which tries every possible combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. A brute-force attack is the slowest of the three types of attacks because of the many possible combinations of characters in the password. However, brute force is effective; given enough time and processing power, all passwords can eventually be identified.

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Best Hacking Tools

      MOST USEFUL HACKING TOOL

1-Nmap-Network Mapper is popular and free open source hacker's tool.It is mainly used for discovery and security auditing.It is used for network inventory,inspect open ports manage service upgrade, as well as to inspect host or service uptime.Its advantages is that the admin user can monitor whether the network and associated nodes require patching.

2-Haschat-It is the self-proclaimed world's fastest password recovery tool. It is designed to break even the most complex password. It is now released as free software for Linux, OS X, and windows.

3-Metasploit-It is an extremely famous hacking framework or pentesting. It is the collection of hacking tools used to execute different tasks. It is a computer severity  framework which gives the necessary information about security vulnerabilities. It is widely used by cyber security experts and ethical hackers also.

4-Acutenix Web Vulnerability Scanner- It crawls your website and monitor your web application and detect dangerous SQL injections.This is used for protecting your business from hackers.

5-Aircrack-ng - This tool is categorized among WiFi hacking tool. It is recommended for beginners  who are new to Wireless Specefic Program. This tool is very effective when used rightly.

6-Wireshark-It is a network analyzer which permit the the tester to captyre packets transffering through the network and to monitor it. If you would like to become a penetration tester or cyber security expert it is necessary to learn how to use wireshark. It examine networks and teoubleshoot for obstacle and intrusion.

7-Putty-Is it very beneficial tool for a hacker but it is not a hacking tool. It serves as a client for Ssh and Telnet, which can help to connect computer remotely. It is also used to carry SSH tunneling to byepass firewalls. So, this is also one of the best hacking tools for hackers.

8-THC Hydra- It is one of the best password cracker tools and it consist of operative and highly experienced development team. It is the fast and stable Network Login Hacking Tools that will use dictonary or bruteforce attack to try various combination of passwords against in a login page.This Tool is also very useful for facebook hacking , instagram hacking and other social media platform as well as computer folder password hacking.

9-Nessus-It is a proprietary vulnerability scanner developed by tennable Network Security. Nessus is the world's most popular vulnerability scanner according to the surveys taking first place in 2000,2003,2006 in security tools survey.

10-Ettercap- It is a network sniffing tool. Network sniffing is a computer tool that monitors,analyse and defend malicious attacks with packet sniffing  enterprise can keep track of network flow. 

11-John the Ripper-It is a free famous password cracking pen testing tool that is used to execute dictionary attacks. It is initially developed for Unix OS. The Ripper has been awarded for having a good name.This tools can also be used to carry out different modifications to dictionary attacks.

12-Burp Suite- It is a network vulnerability scanner,with some advance features.It is important tool if you are working on cyber security.

13-Owasp Zed Attack Proxy Project-ZAP and is abbreviated as Zed  Attack Proxy is among popular OWASP project.It is use to find vulnerabilities in Web Applications.This hacking and penetesting tool is very easy to use  as well as very efficient.OWASP community is superb resource for those people that work with Cyber Security.

14-Cain & Abel-It is a password recovery tool for Microsoft Operating System. It allow easy recovery of various kinds of passwords by sniffing the networks using dictonary attacks.

15-Maltego- It is a platform that was designed to deliver an overall cyber threat pictures to the enterprise or local environment in which an organisation operates. It is used for open source intelligence and forensics developed by Paterva.It is an interactive data mining tool.

These are the Best Hacking Tools and Application Which are very useful for penetration testing to gain unauthorized access for steal crucial data, wi-fi hacking , Website hacking ,Vulnerability Scanning and finding loopholes,Computer hacking, Malware Scanning etc.

This post is only for educational purpose to know about top hacking tools which are very important for a hacker to gain unauthorized access. I am not responsible for any type of crime.

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